The Restless Life of Søren Kierkegaard

Philosopher of the Heart

Selected as a Book of the Year in The Times Literary Supplement 
 
'This lucid and riveting new biography at once rescuses Kierkegaard from the scholars and shows why he is such an intriguing and useful figure' Observer 
 
Søren Kierkegaard, one of the most passionate and challenging of modern philosophers, is now celebrated as the father of existentialism - yet his contemporaries described him as a philosopher of the heart. Over about a decade in the 1840s and 1850s, writings poured from his pen analysing love and suffering, courage and anxiety, religious longing and defiance, and forging a new philosophical style rooted in the inward drama of being human. 
 
As Christianity seemed to sleepwalk through a changing world, Kierkegaard dazzlingly revealed its spiritual power while exposing the poverty of official religion. His restless creativity was spurred on by his own failures: his relationship with the young woman whom he promised to marry, then left to devote himself to writing, haunted him throughout his life. 
 
Though tormented by the pressures of celebrity, he deliberately lived amidst the crowds in Copenhagen, known by everyone but, he felt, understood by no one. When he collapsed exhausted at the age of 42, he was still pursuing the question of existence: how to be a human being in this world? 
 
Clare Carlisle's innovative and moving biography writes Kierkegaard's remarkable life as far as possible from his own perspective, conveying what it was like to be this Socrates of Christendom - as he put it, living life forwards yet only understanding it backwards.

This lucid and riveting new biography at once rescues Kierkegaard from the scholars and makes it abundantly clear why he is such an intriguing and useful figure

She wonderfully conveys how, pelican-like, Kierkegaard tore his philosophy from his own breast

Philosopher of the Heart enacts Kierkegaard's audacity and verve in thinking and writing, his "new way of doing philosophy", in a thrillingly inward and intimate style

One of the best biographies of modern masters by a new generation

Superb... the sort of biography Kierkegaard himself might have written, thematic in structure rather than chronological, lucid in its narrative but not exhaustive in detail. ... Carlisle's book has its own beauty, reminding us that Kierkegaard sympathized with our own troubles, our own desires to live decent lives

Søren Kierkegaard is now celebrated as the father of existentialism - yet his contemporaries described as a philosopher of the heart. In the 1840s and 1850s, writings poured from his pen analysing love and suffering, courage and anxiety, religious longing and defiance, and forging a new philosophical style rooted in the inward drama of being human. His restless creativity was spurred on by own failures: his relationship with the young woman whom he promised to marry, then left to devote himself to writing, haunted him throughout his life. Though tormented by the pressures of celebrity, he lived amidst the crowds in Copenhagen, known by everyone but, he felt, understood by no one. When he collapsed exhausted at the age of 42, he was still pursuing the question of existence: how to be a human being in this world? 
 
Clare Carlisle's innovative and moving biography writes Kierkegaard's remarkable life as far as possible from his own perspective, conveying what it was like to be this Socrates of Christendom - as he put it, living life forwards yet only understanding it backwards

Clare Carlisle

Clare Carlisle's The Marriage Question is the best book I've read on George Eliot.

In this thrilling book, the academic philosopher Clare Carlisle explores the novelist's interrogation of "the double life", meaning not only Eliot's own 25 years of unsanctioned coupledom with Lewes, but also the difficult love relationships she unleashed on her heroines ... Carlisle offers no single and reductive answer because, of course, there isn't one. Instead, she points to the way that Eliot's response to the challenges of living and loving was always plural and protean, always on the point of taking on shimmering new shapes and dimensions. ... Carlisle speaks of wanting to employ biography as philosophical inquiry and here she succeeds magnificently. With great skill and delicacy she has filleted details from Eliot's own life, read closely into her wonderful novels and, most importantly, considered the wider philosophical background in which she was operating.

The Marriage Question already has the stamp of a classic and is bound to enter the canon of great biographies. I was amazed by the clarity of Clare Carlisle's language; she deals with the most complex ideas with miraculous ease. It was a delight to read while at the same time being deeply thought-provoking. I'm already looking forward to reading this magnificent book again.

Finally, Eliot has got the biographer she deserves, namely an ardent and eloquent feminist philosopher who shows us how and why Eliot's books, rightly read, are as philosophically profound as any treatise written by a man.

Clare Carlisle brings the work of perhaps our finest English novelist into a brilliant new light. This book manages to be both engrossing and rigorous, inhabiting an intimate and expansive vision of creativity and the lived life. Following the pulsing and ever-vital questions of love, desire, compromise and companionship, The Marriage Question is both a thrilling work on Eliot and a probing, illuminating reflection on modern love.

a new biography by Clare Carlisle, in which for the first time Eliot is placed properly in her full intellectual context, elucidating the ideas of her time in beautifully accessible prose. ... Carlisle's magisterial book has many facets to it: biographical, philosophical, literary. But as its title suggests, it's also about the theme of marriage, and Carlisle takes the reader into fascinating territory with the doubleness of Eliot's life. ... The Marriage Question is a splendid addition to the Eliot biographical canon ... a book that triumphantly enlarges our understanding of its subject, and of her time.

richly layered and absorbing ... Carlisle explores several kinds of "doubleness" that her subject kept in play throughout her life ... Carlisle conveys the fruits of her studies and reflection with a light, sometimes even lyrical touch ... As Clare Carlisle has shown, balancing breadth of knowledge with an emphatic close reading of her subject's life and work, Eliot's greatness - her continuing relevance - needs no special pleading

Clare Carlisle's principal achievement in The Marriage Question-a richly textured and absorbing biographical study-is to reveal how, over the course of her novels, essays and poetry, George Eliot systematically built a secular philosophy that concerned itself with morality. ... Carlisle moves from novel to novel, subjecting them to the exacting lens of philosophy. Her chapter on Middlemarch-the masterpiece of Eliot's middle life-is a dazzler ... Carlisle's intense, empathetic study reflects Eliot back to us, echoes her and rises up to meet her in order to give Eliot her philosophical due.

perceptive and suggestive ... Carlisle ... vividly ... emphasises the astonishing range of Eliot's erudition and traces, in particular, her alignment with a trajectory that leads from Goethe to Hegel, Comte and Darwin ... a richly considered study that brings one close to the heart and mind of a great writer and a wise soul.

gripping and insightful ... A brilliant aspect of this book is that Carlisle takes us deep into the world of each of Eliot's novels, reminding us what masterpieces they are.

Eloquent and original . . . [Carlisle] combines a biographer’s eye for stories with a philosopher’s nose for questions . . . Masterly and enriching . . . The ideal historian will need great tact and an impious curiosity. Carlisle has both.

Carlisle conveys [Eliot's] shades of emotion and temperament while expertly charting both the intellectual and artistic development of her subject and the dramas that beset Eliot’s personal life. With formidable erudition and insight, this sympathetic author paints her own memorable portrait of the soft-spoken woman who quietly revolutionized the English novel—and who scandalized society by never marrying her husband . . . [Carlisle] shrewdly illuminates Eliot’s consciousness and, in turn, her fiction.

Careful but impassioned . . . [Carlisle's biography] is different in its close focus on an idea: that the titular institution shaped Eliot’s identity and work . . . One need not have read all [Eliot's] works to appreciate The Marriage Question, but, in the most meta sense, it is an ideal companion volume.

a fascinating new biography ... Carlisle is an empathetic and ambitious interpreter. She delves beneath the surface of marriage in Eliot's novels, finding a world that hums with big questions - about "desire, freedom, selfhood, change, morality, happiness, belief, the mystery of other minds."

A richly textured and absorbing biographical study Carlisle’s intense, empathetic study reflects Eliot back to us, echoes her and rises up to meet her in order to give Eliot her philosophical due.

Carlisle’s portrait draws on a vast field of material ... an absorbing and surprising portrait of the emotional life of an author I thought I knew well ... Carlisle’s perspective is original and fruitful, and The Marriage Question shines both as a biography and as an inquiry into the “moral stakes of marriage.” Its pleasures are anything but superficial.

A luminously warm and intelligent reading of the courageous life, writing and philosophy of the 19th century’s wisest novelist.

A study of the novelist through her intellectual and moral preoccupations that carves out a space between biography and literary criticism in a most satisfying way. Carlisle is a philosopher and reads Eliot like an expert witness, recreating her dynamic, ambitious reading and lifelong commitment to intellectual growth and showing its impact in and out of the novels. It finds another layer of Eliot to contemplate and admire, and is thoroughly absorbing.

Times Literary Supplement Book of the Year

A luminously warm and intelligent reading ... As subtle and silent as a Dutch still life ... Beautifully balancing literary interpretation with biographical and philosophical reflection, Carlisle explores the gamble of yoking your happiness to 'the open-endedness of another human being'.

George Eliot's Double Life

When she was in her mid-thirties, Marian Evans transformed herself into George Eliot - an author celebrated for her genius as soon as she published her debut novel. During those years she also found her life partner, George Lewes - writer, philosopher and married father of three. After 'eloping' to Berlin in 1854 they lived together for twenty-four years: Eliot asked people to call her 'Mrs Lewes' and dedicated each novel to her 'Husband'. Though they could not legally marry, she felt herself initiated into the 'great experience' of marriage - 'this double life, which helps me to feel and think with double strength'. The relationship scandalized her contemporaries yet she grew immeasurably within it. Living at once inside and outside marriage, Eliot could experience this form of life - so familiar yet also so perplexing - from both sides.

Clare Carlisle

Praise for The Marriage Question

**Clare Carlisle's The Marriage Question is the best book I've read on George Eliot.**

In this thrilling book, the academic philosopher Clare Carlisle explores the novelist's interrogation of "the double life", meaning not only Eliot's own 25 years of unsanctioned coupledom with Lewes, but also the ...

The Marriage Question already has the stamp of a classic and is bound to enter the canon of great biographies. I was amazed by the clarity of Clare Carlisle's language; she deals with the most complex idea ...

**Clare Carlisle's The Marriage Question is the best book I've read on George Eliot.**

In this thrilling book, the academic philosopher Clare Carlisle explores the novelist's interrogation of "the double life", meaning not only Eliot's own 25 years of unsanctioned coupledom with Lewes, but also the ...

The Marriage Question already has the stamp of a classic and is bound to enter the canon of great biographies. I was amazed by the clarity of Clare Carlisle's language; she deals with the most complex idea ...

**Clare Carlisle's The Marriage Question is the best book I've read on George Eliot.**

In this thrilling book, the academic philosopher Clare Carlisle explores the novelist's interrogation of "the double life", meaning not only Eliot's own 25 years of unsanctioned coupledom with Lewes, but also the ...

The Marriage Question already has the stamp of a classic and is bound to enter the canon of great biographies. I was amazed by the clarity of Clare Carlisle's language; she deals with the most complex idea ...

Books by Clare Carlisle

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